Topology of the power grid

Preventing blackouts in the energy power grid

If power load is larger than the capacity that each node of the grid is capable of support (an attack or failure – large point in fig.), the grid automatically disables a node and a cascade failure (blackout) may occur. In such a case, an intelligent redistribution of power load over the network could prevent the cascade and limit the damage to the attached node [1].

Power versus information

In the Smart Grid, the network is used as a media to transmit information about the grid variables (power demand, generation, and functioning) as well as internet-based data. The aim is to discover the grid's topology that maximises both the amount of power and information transmitted.  

[1] R. Yang, W.-X. Wang, Y.-C. Lai, and G.-R. Chen,  Phys. Rev. E 79, 026112 (2009). 
W.-X. Wang and Y.-C. Lai,  Phys. Rev. E 80, 036109 (2009).